11401, Switzerland
์ค์์ค ์ํ ๋ง์นธํค์ ๊ฒฝ์ฌ์ง์ ๊ฒฌ๊ณ ํ ๋ฅ์ง๋ฅผ ํผ 11401 ์ฃผํ
Federico Rella | ํ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ์ฝ ๋ ๋ผ
As if meant to defy the topography of Alto Malcantone, Federico Rellaโs 11401 house is placed in a different site orientation than any of the buildings in the area. Whereas other houses are largely oriented parallel to the topographic contours of the area, Federico Rella is perpendicular. Whereas other houses are largely equilateral in plan, this house is narrow and elongated. Most houses are arranged according to the history of the site, but this house breaks with that history.
์ค์์ค ๋ฃจ๊ฐ๋ ธ ์์ชฝ ์ํ ๋ง์นธํค ์ง์ญ์ ์๋ฆฌ์ก์ 11401 ์ฃผํ์ ๋ ์ ๊ฑฐ์ญํ๊ธฐ๋ผ๋ ํ๋ฏ ์ธ๊ทผ ์ง๋ค์ด ๋ค์ด์ ๋ชจ์์์ ์ ํ ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ ์ค์ณ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ๋ค. ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ง๋ค์ด ๋ฑ๊ณ ์ ๊ณผ ํํํ๊ฒ ์๋ฆฌ์ก์ ๋ฐ๋ฉด, 11401์ ๋ฑ๊ณ ์ ์ ์์ง์ผ๋ก ๋ฐฐ์น๋์ด ์๋ค. ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ง๋ค์ด ์ ์ฌ๊ฐํ์ ๊ฐ๊น์ด ํํ๋ผ๋ฉด, 11401์ ์ข๊ณ ๊ธธ๋ค. ๋๋ถ๋ถ ๋ถ์ง์ ์์ํ๋ ํํ๋ก ๋ฐฐ์ด๋์ด ์์ง๋ง, ์ด ์ง์ ๊ทธ ๊ดํ์ ๊นจ๊ณ ์๋ค.
Despite breaking all the rules, the one rule this house does not break is its relationship with the land. The desire to relate to the land, exploiting and preserving its natural beauty, inspired the decision to put the new building on three points. This positioning helped to create a sequence of spaces under the main volume, consisting of a kitchen, porch, and rock cellars.
Arriving at the house from the street, gives the impression that the house consists of one floor.
The intention to play with the view from the paths influenced the decision to reduce the perceived size of the building.
The house is organized on two levels. The first level containing bedrooms, living room, and services is placed at street access. It develops towards the valley, establishing a strong relationship with the landscape. On the floor below there is the dining area, connected to the old peasant terraces.
๋ชจ๋ ๋ฉด์์ ํ๊ฒฉ์ ์ทจํ์ง๋ง, ์ ์ผํ๊ฒ ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ ๊ท์น์ด ์๋ค๋ฉด ๋ฐ๋ก ๋ ๊ณผ์ ๊ด๊ณ๋ค. ๋ ์ ์์ฐ์ ์๋ฆ๋ค์์ ํ์ฉํ๊ณ ๋ณด์กดํ๋ฉฐ, ๋ ๊ณผ์ ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ณ ํ ํ๊ฒ ๋ค๋ ์ ๋ ์ด ์ค๊ณ์ ํต์ฌ์ด์๋ค. ๋ถ์, ํ๊ด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋ฐ์๋ก ๋๋ฌ์ธ์ธ ์งํ์ค์ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก ๋์ ์ ์ง๊ณ , ๋์ ๋ง๋ค ์ ๋ง์ ์ฝ์ ํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ ๊ท๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๊ณผ๊ฐํ ์ถ์ํ๋ค.
์ฃผํ์ ๋ ์ธต์ผ๋ก ์ด๋ค์ง๋ค. ๋๋ก์ ๋ฐ๋ก ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋๋ 2์ธต์๋ ์นจ์ค, ๊ฑฐ์ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋ถ์์ ์ธ ์์ค์ด ์๋ฆฌํ๋ค. 2์ธต ๋งค์ค๋ ๊ณ๊ณก์ ํฅํด ๋ป์ด ๋๊ฐ๋ฉฐ ํ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐํ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ์ฑํ๋ค. 1์ธต์๋ ์๋น ๋ฑ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ด ๋ง๋ จ๋์ด ์๊ณ , ๋ฐ๊นฅ์ผ๋ก๋ ๋๋ฅธ ๋คํ์ด ํผ์ณ์ ธ ์๋ค.
๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ ์ฒ ๊ณจ ์ฝํฌ๋ฆฌํธ ๋ด๋ ฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ ๋ชฉ์ฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์ ์งํฑํ๋ ํ์์ด๋ค. ๋
์ ํํํ ๋ถ์์ ๋์ธ ๋ ๊ฐ์ ๋๋ค๋ณด๊ฐ ๊ณ๊ณก์ ํฅํด ๋ป์ด๋๊ฐ๋ค. ๋ถ์ง ํ๋ถ์ ๋ฟ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ด๋ฆฐ, ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ ์ ๋ฉด์ ์์นํ ์ค์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ด ๋ค๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์น๊ณ ์๋ค. ๋ ๋ฒ์งธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ ๋ชฉ์ฌ๋ค. ์ฝํฌ๋ฆฌํธ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ ์์ชฝ์ ๋ชฉ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ธ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ ๋๋ด๋ค. ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์ญํ ๋ฟ๋ง ์๋๋ผ ๋ฐญ๊ณผ์ ์ฐ๊ณ์ฑ์ ๊ฐํํ๋ ๋์์ ์ฌ์ํ์ ๋ณดํธํ๋ค.
The building consists of a load-bearing structure of reinforced concrete carrying the volume of the wood construction of the house. The first consists of two beams that rest on the flat part of the land and jut out into the valley. They are supported by a central pillar placed at the head of the building and anchored to the lower terrace. The secondary structure is in wood. It develops inside the beams and defines the volume of the house. In addition to the structural function, the pillar enhances its relationship with old terraces and provides privacy from the street below.
The external appearance of the house is characterized by horizontal bands showing the structural part in concrete and the overlying part in wood, covered with rough chestnut boards found on site. These have been trimmed following the โtree shapeโ, concerning the various characteristics, such as knots and cracks. This way, waste is limited, allowing the house to maximize the characteristics of the local wood.
Durability of the material used to atmospheric agents and its ecologically and economically sustainable performance, influenced this design.
The external areas, such as parking, porch, and flat roof, were made with crushed excavated material, an iron-rich red gneiss that characterizes the natural rocks of the region, proposing a chromatic result similar to one of the buildings in the historic center.
์ธ๊ด์ ์ฝํฌ๋ฆฌํธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด ์์ ๊ฑฐ์น ํฉํ์ ์ํ์ผ๋ก ๋๋ฅธ ๋ชจ์์ด๋ค. ํฉํ์ ๋ถ์ง์์ ๊ตฌํ ๋ฐค๋๋ฌด๋ก ๋ง๋ค์๋๋ฐ, ๋๋ฌด ๋ชจ์์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๋ค๋ฌ์ด ์น์ด๋ ๊ท ์ด ๊ฐ์ ํน์ฑ์ ๊ทธ๋๋ก ๋ณด์กดํ๊ณ ์๋ค. ์ด๋ฐ ๊ณผ์ ์ ํตํด ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ค์ด๊ณ ์ง์ญ ๋ชฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์ฑ๋ ์ต๋ํ ์ด๋ฆด ์ ์์๋ค.
๋ด๊ตฌ์ฑ์ด ๋ฐ์ด๋ ์์ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํด ์ง์ ์ ๋ฐ์ ์ธ ๋ถ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค์ด๋ด๊ณ , ์ํ๊ณ๋ฅผ ์กด์คํ๋ฉฐ ๋น์ฉ ์ ๊ฐ์ ํจ๊ณผ๊น์ง ๊ฐ์ ธ์๋ค. ์ฃผ์ฐจ์ฅ, ํ๊ด ๋ฐ ํ์ง๋ถ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ ์ธ๋ถ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ ์ฃผ๋ณ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋ค๊ณผ ๋น์ทํ ์๊ฐ์ ๊ตฌํํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋
์์์ ๋์จ ์ฒ ๋ถ์ด ํ๋ถํ ๋ถ์ ํธ๋ง์๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ ์์ฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ๊นจ์ด ์ฌ์ฉํ๋ค.
Project: 11401 / Location: Alto Malcantone, Ticino, Switzerland / Studio: Federico Rella / Architect: Federico Rella – Matteo Rella / Structural engineer: Ingegneri Pedrazzini Guidotti / Constructor: Pedrazzini costruzioni / Carpentry works: Bissig Holzbau / Use: single family residence / Site area: 1.290mยฒ / Bldg. area: 159mยฒ / Gross floor area: 186mยฒ / Construction: concrete, timber / Completion: 2019 / Photograph: Tonatiuh Ambrosetti