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Home Architecture World

Castel San Gimignano Cemetery

A traditional camposanto burial ground receives a sensitive redevelopment in rural Tuscany
이탈리아 토스카나 지방의 옛 공동묘지에 섬세한 감성을 더한 카스텔 산 지미냐뇨 공동묘지

MICROSCAPE architecture urban design AA | 마이크로스케이프 아키텍쳐 어반 디자인

The cemetery of Castel San Gimignano is paradigmatic example of a ‘camposanto’ in the Tuscan countryside: an expression of the civitas found in the village and its agricultural land, a source of life.
The typological characteristics of its uniform shape are still clearly visible: an enclosure with stone masonry and burial fields at staggered altitudes, following the slopes of the land in a terraced pattern.

카스텔 산 지미냐뇨 공동묘지는 이탈리아 토스카나 지방의 전형적인 묘지 양식을 띠고 있다. 이는 작은 시골 농경 마을의 삶의 근원이다. 이 공동묘지에서는 같은 형태가 반복되는 유형적 특성이 뚜렷하게 드러난다. 계단식으로 배치된 묘터와 이를 둘러싼 돌담에서 확인할 수 있다.

Project: Redevelopment of Castel San Gimignano cemetery / Location: San Gimignano (SI), Italy / Architect: MICROSCAPE architecture urban design AA / Director of works and xafety: MICROSCAPE architecture urban design AA / Team members: MICROSCAPE architecture urban design AA – architects Patrizia Pisaniello & Saverio Pisaniello; architect Luigi Aldiccioni – 3D Visual artist; geologist – Francesco Rinaldi; geologist – Luca Bargagna Studio GAIA / Executing company: Costruzioni Sirio srl / Client: Municipality of San Gimignano (SI) / Bldg. area: 600m2 / Design: 2016 / Completion: 2019 / Photograph: Filippo Poli

The stone border wall is enhanced along the north side by a row of cypresses, while other isolated cypresses are found near the east and west entrances in line with the lower burial ground.
The cypresses visually mediate the cemetery’s integration into the surrounding landscape. The structure’s value to the landscape, in its minimalism and simplicity, is still largely preserved – both as a privileged point for viewing this landscape, and as its natural continuation at the cemetery’s edges, in a sort of visual continuum. The redevelopment project entailed a balanced relationship between existing full and empty spaces. The new feature, of the gabion walls containing local limestone, which trace the new niches, dialogue with the linear sequence of the boundary walls and the dry-stone wall marking the change in height between the upper and lower fields. The chapel-like shape of the new niches creates a space suitable for prayer and remembrance.

북쪽 돌담벽 뒤에 가득 심어진 편백은 동쪽과 서쪽 출입구 근처에도 하부 묘지와 나란하게 듬성듬성 심어졌다.
편백은 공동묘지와과 주변 풍경을 시각적으로 통합하는 역할을 한다. 미니멀리즘과 단순성으로 대표되는 이 공동묘지의 조경학적 가치는 좋은 위치 선정과 끝없이 이어지는 듯한 구조에서 드러나는 시각적 연속성으로 인해 더욱 돋보인다. 재개발을 진행하며 공동묘지 내 사용되고 있는 부지와 빈 공터를 균형 있게 재배치했다. 현지 석회암으로 돌담을 쌓고 겉에 철망을 두른 개비온 벽도 새로 설치했다. 새로운 납골당의 벽이 되는 이 돌담은 울타리 벽과 돌담과 함께 각 부지의 높이를 표시하는 역할도 한다. 예배당 모양의 납골당에는 조용히 기도를 올리고 고인을 추모할 수 있는 공간이 마련되어 있다.

돌담은 카스텔 산 지미냐뇨 지역의 환경과 도시, 문화를 누렸던 사람들 사이의 직접적인 신체적, 정신적 연관성을 의미한다. 두 개의 묘터를 구분 짓던 돌담벽을 복원해 재사용했으며, 그 위에는 돌 비름을 심고 겉에는 철망을 둘러 마감했다. 두 묘터를 연결하는 계단벽 역시 개비온 벽으로 개조됐다. 조립식 콘크리트 블록으로 포장된 길 사이사이에는 마른 흙과 잔디를 놓아 다양한 경로를 나타내도록 했다. 폐허였던 상부 묘지에는 이제 잔디가 깔렸다. 훼손됐던 회반죽과 기존의 작은 예배당 및 벽의 외관도 보수 작업을 거쳤다. 70년대에 만들어진 오래된 무덤 사이에는 부드러운 느낌을 더하기 위해 편백을 심었고, 개비온 벽들 사이에는 재스민 꽃을 심었다. 계절의 변화에 따라 벽의 외관을 변화시킬 이 요소들은 기억과 삶이 얼마나 일시적인지를, 그러면서도 어떻게 서로 연결되어 있는지를 보여준다.

The dry-stone walls represent the direct physical and spiritual connection with the lives of those who have lived in the environmental, civic and cultural context of Castel San Gimignano. The dry-stone terrace wall between the two fields has been restored and consolidated, and a protective shoulder made of natural linear gabions with multivariate sedum plant essences has been placed at the top. The steps connecting the two fields have also been renovated, with the shoulders replaced with new gabion structures. In addition, two paths paved with different sizes of prefabricated concrete blocks have been dry-laid and grassed, marking the routes between the various areas. The upper field has been freed from the old demolitions and planted with grass. Lastly, maintenance work has been done on the damaged plaster and the restoration of the exterior of the small existing chapel and the walls. New cypresses soften the visual impact with the old 1970s burial niches, and jasmine plants grow along the sides of the gabion walls. As the seasons pass, these will change the wall’s appearance, a metaphor for how memory and life are all interconnected and transient.







Tags: cemeteryItalyMICROSCAPE architecture urban design AASan Gimignano


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